Mitogenomic perspectives on the origin and phylogeny of living amphibians peng zhang. Phylogeny and comparative substitution rates of frogs. Microhyla tschudi, kaloula gray, and uperodon dumeril and bibron confirmed to be present on the. Europe pmc is an archive of life sciences journal literature. Although most ancient amphibian lineages became extinct before the jurassic, some amphibian lineages survived and are represented today by the three distinctly different groups of living amphibians lissamphibia, the anura frogs, caudata salamanders, and. The sichuan digging frog kaloula rugifera belongs to the family dicroglossidae, which is endemic to northeastern sichuan and southernmost gansu provinces, in southwestern china. Kaloula pulchra, john edward gray, 1831 the banded bull frog kaloula pulchra is also known as the chubby frog in the pet trade, asian painted frog, rice frog, or bubble frog. Kaloula pulchra ranges in size from 5470 mm svl for males, and 5775 mm svl for females. Pdf bioacoustic analysis of the advertisement calls of kaloula. The banded bullfrog kaloula pulchra is a type of frog in the microhylid narrowmouthed frog. Kaloula pulchra hainana gressitt, growing to approximately 2 to 3 inches, the chubby frog is, as its name suggests, a rather rotund frog, stocky and robust in stature, with a short, rounded snout and short limbs suited better to crawling into crevices than jumping long distances.
The hemolytic activity of skin secretions obtained by stimulating the frog kaloula pulchra hainana. The skin secretions had a significant concentrationdependent hemolytic effect on erythrocytes. Abstract we describe a new species of frog of the genus kaloula family microhylidae from vietnam, laos, and cambodia based on morphological evidence. Shuangshuang wei key laboratory of tropic biological resources, minister of education, college of marine science, hainan university, haikou, china.
Additionally, viewable as a 3d pdf, the digital model presents all skeletal material and all muscles of the left side, totalling 17 bones and 41 muscles data s1, see article s1 for 3d pdf. This study aimed to establish basic information on erythrocyte hemolysis and. Characteristics of hemolytic activity induced by skin. Tonights menu consists of black crickets and mealworm larvaebeetles. It is also known as the asian painted frog, rice frog, and bubble frog. Kaloula pulchra least concern downloaded on 18 june 2008.
Kaloula pulchra hainana anura is an endemic amphibian found in the low elevation regions of hainan island of china. Influence of some environmental parameters on some frog. Kaloula pulchra, kaloula picta, and kaloula borealis are the most widespread and commonly found varieties, often living near human settlements. Chubby frog kaloula pulchra, also known as asian painted frog, banded bull frog, bubble frog, ox frog, among other names on a mating ritual. They are very common ectoparasites of vertebrates, and their abundance has facilitated the conduction of numerous projects in the fields of eco.
The tadpoles can metamorphose in as little as two weeks. View pdf lesions caused by africanized honeybee stings in three cattle in brazil. Taxonomic relationships within the panoriental narrowmouth. Aug, 2011 grammostola pulchra is a terrestrial tarantula native to brazil.
Digital dissection of the pelvis and hindlimb of the red. The banded bullfrog is a highly adaptable species able to survive in. Recent records of alien anurans on the pacific island of guam. Kaloula pulchra, kaloula picta, and kaloula borealis are the most widespread and commonly found. The hemolytic activity of skin secretions obtained by stimulating the frog kaloula pulchra hainana with diethyl ether was tested using human, cattle, rabbit, and chicken erythrocytes. Sound production is primarily a reproductive function of male. Among these frog species, the 5 species rana chensinensis, microhyla heymonsi, polypedates megacephalus, kaloula pulchra and hyla chinensis did not show sparganum infection, indicating that these frog species were insensitive for sparganum infection. The grammostola pulchra, is a very terrestrial type of tarantula and also an opportunistic burrower. Despite advances in technologies, warnings of taxonomic crises, and increased interest in taxonomy mallet and willmott 2003, tautz et al. Call and breeding period of the frog, kaloula pulchra microhylidae pdf. A check list and population trends of invasive amphibians and. These are an hardy medium sized species that are ideal for beginners. Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogeny of microhyla.
All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available. Originally published in the october 2010 edition of reptiles magazine. Additionally, viewable as a 3d pdf, the digital model presents all skeletal material and all muscles of the left side, totalling 17 bones and 41 muscles data s1, see article s1 for 3d pdf user guide. A terrestrial burrower spending much of the day underground, only coming out to feed and swim. Apr 25, 20 2 of my 3 kaloula pulchra frogs at dinner time.
It has established itself as something of a regular. It had a total length of 16,720 bp, consisting of proteincoding genes, 2 rrna genes, 22 trna genes and 2 noncoding regions lstrand replication origin and control region. A new species of narrowmouthed frog of the genus kaloula. Authors personal copy a largescale phylogeny of amphibia including over 2800 species, and a revised classi cation of extant frogs, salamanders, and caecilians this article appeared in a journal published by elsevier. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license.
Captive care of the budgetts frog lepidobatrachus laevis. This species is found in wetlands, river banks, forest edges, and dry forests, as well as agricultural and residential areas. The scientific journal of tra vinh university serves as a forum for local and international lecturers, scientists to publish, exchange the results and transfer the applications of their scientific researches. Largescale survey of a neglected agent of sparganosis. Captive care of the budgetts frog lepidobatrachus laevis posted on 16th. While adw staff and contributors provide references to books and websites that we believe are reputable, we cannot necessarily endorse the contents of references beyond our. Budgetts frogs lepidobatrachus laevis sometimes known as hippo frogs or freddy krueger frogs are becoming increasingly popular pets. The asian painted bullfrog are also known as chubby frog within the pet trade. Kaloula pulchra macrocephala bourret, for some reason, the data did not load properly. The hemolytic activity of skin secretions obtained by stimulating the frog kaloula pulchra hainana with diethyl ether was tested using human, cattle, rabbit, and chicken. It has established itself as something of a regular in the international pet trade.
Kaloula is a genus of microhylid frogs found in southern and eastern asia. As far as the temperature goes, i would keep the grammostola pulchra in temperature ranging from between 65 78 f. One specimen was discovered at the perth airport in 2005, and one found in cargo at a new zealand wharf, but there are no records showing the species has become established in either australia or new zeal. Kaloula pulchra aquarium volume calculation tables. They have round bodies with mahogany brown backs and cream stomachs. Though we edit our accounts for accuracy, we cannot guarantee all information in those accounts. Asian painted frog kaloula pulchra risk assessments for australia. In the pet trade, it is sometimes called the chubby frog. The whole mitochondrial genome of microhyla butleri was determined by nextgeneration sequencing of mitochondrial dna. Pdf the advertisement calls of a fossorial frog, kaloula pulchra.
A molecular phylogenetic survey was conducted using mtdna sequences of 12s and 16s rrna, and cytb genes to examine taxonomic relationships among populations of the panoriental. Journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical. It goes by many pseudonyms but is perhaps best known by its slightly more accurate trade name of chubby frog. Abstractthe evolution of endothermy is a controversial topic in evolutionary biology, although several hypotheses have been proposed to explain it. Apr 18, 20 characteristics of hemolytic activity induced by skin secretions of the frog kaloula pulchra hainana. Barks are highly recommend for these species of tarantulas along with at least three inches of substrate. Grammostola pulchra brazilian black tarantula tarantula. They are sometimes known as the asian narrowmouth toads. The asian painted bullfrog kaloula pulchra is a somewhat cute and comical narrowmouthed toad from asia. Phylogeny and comparative substitution rates of frogs inferred from sequences of three nuclear genes.
Kaloula pulchra gray, 1831 bibliographic references 2004 database, amphibian species of the world. The amphibia first appeared in the late devonian and then became the dominant land vertebrates in the following carboniferous. Taxonomic relationships within the panoriental narrow. Aug 11, 20 chubby frog kaloula pulchra, also known as asian painted frog, banded bull frog, bubble frog, ox frog, among other names on a mating ritual. The body is stocky, with a small head and short, rounded snout. In a previous study, we purified and characterized a 23kda trypsin inhibitor from the skin secretions of k. The species is desirable in the pet trade because of their females, long life and reputation for being docile and gentle in temperament, as well as for its appealing dark coloration making them expensive from breeders. Phylogenetic analysis supports the aerobiccapacity model.
Kaloula species kaloula pulchra name homonyms kaloula pulchra gray, 1831 bibliographic references 2004 database, amphibian species of the world. Amphibien, anuran, kaloula pulchra, reptilien oder insekten. They are very common ectoparasites of vertebrates, and their abundance has. Amanda page, win kirkpatrick and marion massam, march 2008, department of agriculture. A 22, 23 and 12bp tandem repeat motifs in cr were iterated two, two and three times, respectively. Two discrete clades are recognized within this species, one consisting of populations from india. A molecular phylogenetic survey was conducted using mtdna sequences of 12s and 16s rrna, and cytb genes to examine taxonomic relationships among populations of the panoriental microhylid, microhyla ornata, from india, bangladesh, thailand, laos, china, taiwan, and the ryukyu archipelago of japan. Eight anuran species were recorded for the first time in guam in the period may 2003december 2005, all apparently the result of arrivals to the island since 2000.
Photographs, distribution map and other information on southwestern rockskink liopholis pulchra at the australian reptile online database. Letter to editor of journal of venomous animals and toxins. They sound like big animals cowlike on a rainy day. The chubby frog or kaloula pulchra is a robust rather dull looking creature, although the other common name is the malayan painted frog. Peng zhang, hui zhou, yueqin chen, yifei liu, lianghu qu, mitogenomic. The advertisement calls of a fossorial frog, kaloula pulchra was studied during the breeding season at two study sites of mizoram. The banded bullfrog kaloula pulchra is a type of frog in the microhylid narrowmouthed frog family. Refer to inside front cover for email addresses of. The remaining 8 species were susceptible to sparganum infection. A check list and population trends of invasive amphibians. Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from wikipedia or other free sources online. It has been accidentally introduced to several countries e.
Aug 27, 20 characteristics of hemolytic activity induced by skin secretions of the frog kaloula pulchra hainana. Characteristics of hemolytic activity induced by skin secretions of the. Sound production is primarily a reproductive function of. It had a total length of 16,720 bp, consisting of protein. Pdf bioacoustic analysis of the advertisement calls of. Three of the eight species rana guentheri, polypedates megacephalus, and eleutherodactylus planirostris had wellestablished breeding populations by 2005.